# Git and Github

# Git
Git is a version control system that keep tracking changes in computer files

 **Versioning**
- 
Multple copies of files each recording article at different stages this process is called versioning.

- 
Each copies is callled version

![vesion.PNG](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1630839197907/_t0khBEDr.png)

**Problem faced in git?**


- 
Comparing changes is hard

- 
This won`t work project that has hundred`s of copies 


- 
Hard to share these copies and work with other people on this.

**How git track changes?**

Git makes it easy to keep track of changes to files and folder , collaborating with other people trying 
things out without disturbing an original working and reverting back to previous version.

**Stages in git ** 

Git have three stages-

1. Working Area
2. Staging Area
3. Commited Area



- 
Working Area

It is also known as untracked area . In this area we can Creat , delete and update files also we can`t track files in this area. 

- Staging Area

It is also Known as Index area . In this area we can make changes to file and go back to working area
and files are ready to commited.

- Commited Area

It is also known as history area . In this we can track changes to files and commit the files with message

# Github

** Introduction to github**

Github is a software that provide a information related to techs. basically github is a hub of engineer , developer , programmer , hacker , and the people who are related to techs and technogies etc.

**Use of github**

Anyone can use github free of cost . There are repositories available which you can create yourself. Developer , Programmer , Hacker and  ethical hacker ,So all these people who are related to tech upload there program , code , and software and anyone can access these program , code etc.
Github also act as backup files.


# Git Commands


- git init = To initializing git repository

- git add = To add a particular file to staging area

- git add . = To add whole folder to staging area

- git commit -m = To add changes in commited area directly with a message

- git commit -am = To add files directly from working area to commited area with message

- mkdir [foldername] = To make repository on local machine

- touch [filename] = To add file in repository

- git checkout [commihash] = To go back in working area in particular commit

- git branch [branchname] = To creat a new branch

- git status = To check the status of repository

- git log = To check the commit history

- git restore --staged [filename] = To move the file from staging area to working area

- git rm -cached [filename] = To move the file from staging area

- git checkout [branchname] = To switch to an named branch 

- git merge [branchname] = To merge the named branch in the current branch

- git branch -d [branchname] = To delete the named branch

- git branch -b [ branchname] = To creat and switch to the named branch

- git branch [URL] = To clone remote repository to local machine

- git pull = To update your local repository to newest commit

- git push origin master = To move file to the master remote repository on the github

- git push origin [branchname] = To move the files to the branch remote repository on the github 

- git checkout -b hotflix [branchname] = To creat temporary

- git diff [sourcebranch] [targetbranch] = To preview files before merging

- git ---version = To check whether git is installed if installed then it tells its version


**For suggetion and feedbacks  write back ; lovekushrazput143@gmail.com**